From the 1950s to the 1980s, the New Zealand government took more than 100,000 children from experiences of strife, neglect, poverty or family violence and placed them under state care in residential facilities. In homes like Epuni and Kingslea, Kohitere and Allendale, the state took over as parent. The state failed. Within institutions, children faced abysmal conditions, limited education and social isolation. They endured physical, sexual and psychological violence, as well as secure cells, knock-out sedatives and electro-convulsive therapy. This book tells the story of 105 New Zealanders who experienced this mass institutionalisation. Informed by thousands of pages of Child Welfare accounts, letters, health reports, legal statements as well as interviews, Stanley tells the children's story: growing up in homes characterised by violence and neglect; removal into the State's 'care' network; daily life in the institutions; violence and punishment; and the legacy of this treatment for victims today.Author BiographyElizabeth Stanley is a Reader in the Institute of Criminology at Victoria University of Wellington. She is the author of Torture, Truth and Justice (Routledge, 2009) and co-editor of State Crime and Resistance (Routledge, 2013). She currently holds a Rutherford Discovery Fellowship. Elizabeth Stanley has published widely on diverse topics including apartheid violence in South Africa, the use of disappearances in Pinochet's Chile, the detention of asylum seekers in the United Kingdom and the resistance to state crime in West Papua.

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